I-Urea sisichumiso sesityalo esidla ngokufuna ukufakwa. Umsebenzi wawo ophambili kukushiya izinto eziyingozi emhlabeni, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide akunaziphumo zibi. Kwimizi-mveliso, i-ammonia engamanzi kunye nekhabhon diokside zisetyenziselwa izinto ezingafunekiyo ukwenza ngokuthe ngqo urea phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni njengesichumisi esenziwe ngemichiza, i-urea inokusetyenziselwa ubuninzi bezinye iimveliso zeekhemikhali, amayeza, ukutya, izinyibilikisi zedayi, izifunxi zomswakama, kunye nezandisi zefayibha ze-viscose. ezinye izinto zokuvelisa.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko ekusetyenzisweni kwe-urea:

1. I-Urea ilungele isichumiso esisisiseko kunye nokunxiba okuphezulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha njengesichumiso sembewu. Ilungele zonke izityalo nayo yonke imihlaba. Ingasetyenziselwa isichumiso esisisiseko kunye nokunxiba okuphezulu. Ingasetyenziselwa kwimihlaba eyomileyo ye-paddy. Kwimihlaba ene-alkaline okanye i-alkaline, i-urea ifakwe i-hydrolyzed ukwenza i-ammonium nitrogen, kwaye isicelo somphezulu siya kubangela i-ammonia volatilization, ke umhlaba ofunekayo kufuneka ugqitywe.

2. Emva kokuba urea efafazwe kumphezulu wedlelo ledydy, i-ammonia volatilization emva kwe-hydrolysis yi-10% -30%. Kumhlaba wealkaline, ilahleko ye-nitrogen yi-ammonia volatilization yi-12% -60%. Phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokufuma okuphezulu, i-ammonia volatilization ye-urea inokutshisa izityalo kwaye ikhawulezise inqanaba le-nitrification. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufaka urea ngokunzulu kwaye usebenzise amanzi ukuhambisa isichumisi.

3. Ngenxa yokuba i-urea inokuqokelela isixa esikhulu se-ioni ye-ammonium emhlabeni, iya kuyonyusa i-pH ngeeyunithi ezi-2-3. Ukongeza, i-urea ngokwayo iqulethe isixa esithile se-biuret. Xa uxinzelelo lwayo luyi-500ppm, iya kuchaphazela izityalo. Iingcambu kunye nokuhluma kunefuthe kuthintelo, ke urea akukho lula ukuba isetyenziswe njengesichumisi sembewu, isichumiso sembewu nesichumiso se foliar. Umxholo we-urea ngamanye amaxesha wesicelo akufuneki ube kakhulu okanye ugxile kakhulu. Emva kokuba izityalo zesigaba sezithole zonakaliswe yi-biuret, izithintelo ze-chlorophyll synthesis ziyenziwa, kwaye amagqabi avela njenge-chlorosis, i-yellowing kunye ne-whitening whitening or stripes.

4. I-Urea ayinakuxutywa nezichumisi ezinealkali. Emva kokuba kufakwe i-urea, kufuneka iguqulwe ibe yi-ammonium nitrogen ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziswe zizityalo. Phantsi kweemeko zealkali, uninzi lwe-nitrogen kwi-ammonium nitrogen iya kuba yi-ammonia kunye ne-volatilize. Ke ngoko, i-urea ayinakudityaniswa nomlotha wesityalo, isichumiso se-calcium magnesium phosphate, ikhabhoni exutyiweyo okanye isicelo ngaxeshanye sezichumiso zealkali ezifana neammonium.

Lithini ifuthe le-urea ekukhuleni kwezityalo kunye nendlela yokuyisebenzisa?

1. Indima ye-urea kukuhlengahlengisa isixa seentyatyambo. Kwiiveki ezi-5-6 emva kokudubula, tshiza i-0.5% yesisombululo samanzi kumphezulu wamagqabi kangangezihlandlo ezi-2, ezinokunyusa umxholo wenitrogen kumagqabi, ukukhawulezisa ukukhula kwamahlumela amatsha, ukuthintela ukwahlulahluma kweentyatyambo, kunye nokwenza unyaka ubungakanani beentyatyambo bufanelekile.

2. Beka kuqala izityalo zakho eziphambili. Xa ufaka isicelo, izityalo ezinendawo yokutyala enkulu kunye nexabiso eliphezulu kwezoqoqosho (ezifana nengqolowa nombona) kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kuqala. Kwizityalo eziziisekondari ezifana ne-buckwheat, ungasebenzisa isicelo esincinci ngokweemeko zakho zoqoqosho. Okanye ungayisebenzisi, kwaye unike umdlalo opheleleyo kwisichumiso ekwandiseni imveliso. Sebenzisa isichumiso esisisiseko okanye isinxibo saphezulu. I-Urea ilungele ukusetyenziswa njengesichumisi esisisiseko kunye nokunxiba okuphezulu. Ngokubanzi, ayisetyenziswa njengesichumisi sembewu.

3. Faka isicelo kwangaphambili. Emva kokuba i-urea igalelwe emhlabeni, kuqala i-hydrolyzed ibe yi-ammonium bicarbonate ngokwenza iintsholongwane zomhlaba ngaphambi kokuba ingene kwiingcambu zezityalo. Ke ngoko, kufuneka isetyenziswe kwangaphambili. Faka i-urea emva kwemvula kangangoko unakho ukuze ube nokufunxa okufanelekileyo kokufuma. Xa ufaka ilokhwe kumhlaba owomileyo, zama ukuyilungisa emva kwemvula ukuze isichumisi sikwazi ukunyibilika msinya sifunxwe ngumhlaba.

4. Ukuba i-urea igcinwe ngendlela engafanelekanga, iya kuthi ngokulula ifunxe ukufuma kunye ne-agglomerate, eya kuthi ichaphazele umgangatho wokuqala we-urea kwaye izise ilahleko ethile kuqoqosho kumafama. Oku kufuna ukuba amafama agcine i-urea ngokuchanekileyo. Qiniseka ukuba uyigcina ingxowa ye-urea yokupakisha ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, yiphathe ngononophelo ngexesha lokuhamba, thintela imvula, kwaye uyigcine kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya kwaye enobushushu obungaphantsi kweedigri ezingama-20.

5. Ukuba isixa esikhulu sokugcina, sebenzisa isikwere somthi ukusongelwa ezantsi malunga ne-20 cm, kwaye ushiye isithuba esingaphezulu kwama-50 cm phakathi kwendawo ephezulu nophahla ukuququzelela umoya ongenisa ukufuma, nokushiya iiphaseji phakathi izitokhwe. Ukuququzelela ukuhlolwa kunye nokungena komoya. Ukuba i-urea evulwe engxoweni ayisetyenziswanga, ukuvulwa kwengxowa kufuneka kutywinwe ngexesha ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa konyaka olandelayo.