I-Urea, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-carbamide, yenziwe ngekhabhoni, initrojeni, ioksijini, i-hydrogen organic composic yikristale emhlophe, okwangoku yeyona nto iphakamileyo ye-nitrogen yesichumiso se-nitrogen. I-Urea iqulethe umxholo we-nitrogen ophezulu, idosi yokufaka isicelo mayingabi nkulu kakhulu, ukuthintela inkunkuma engeyomfuneko kunye "nomonakalo wesichumisi". Amafama kwiindawo ezininzi ezivelisa iziqhamo zisebenzisa i-urea eninzi, ekhokelela kwimithi efileyo, iziphumo zibi kakhulu. Namhlanje siza kwazisa ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwe-urea.

Sebenzisa urea i-taboo elishumi 

Idityaniswe ne-ammonium bicarbonate

Emva kokuba i-urea ifakwe emhlabeni, kufuneka iguqulwe ibe yi-ammonia ngaphambi kokuba ifunxwe zizityalo, kwaye inqanaba lokuguqulwa kwayo lihamba kancinci phantsi kweemeko zealkaline kunaphantsi kweemeko zeasidi. Emva kokuba i-ammonium bicarbonate isetyenziswe emhlabeni, impendulo yayiyi-alkaline, kwaye ixabiso le-pH lalingu-8.2 ~ 8.4. Ifama yokuxuba i-ammonium bicarboate kunye ne-urea, iya kwenza ukuguqulwa kwe-urea kwisantya se-ammonia kunciphise kakhulu, kulula ukubangela ilahleko ye-urea kunye nelahleko ye-volatilization. Ke ngoko, i-urea kunye ne-ammonium bicarbonate akufuneki isetyenziswe ngokudibanisa okanye ngaxeshanye. 

Kuphephe ukusasaza umphezulu

I-Urea isasazekile emhlabeni kwaye inokusetyenziswa kuphela emva kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5 zokuguqulwa kubushushu begumbi. Uninzi lwe nitrogen luguqulwa ngokulula kwinkqubo yokuphucula, kwaye elona zinga lokusetyenziswa limalunga ne-30% kuphela. Ukuba usasazekile kumhlaba we-alkaline kunye nomhlaba onomxholo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo, ukulahleka kwe-nitrogen kuya kukhawuleza kwaye kuninzi. Kwaye urea isicelo nzulu, kulula ukuba sigqibe ngokhula. I-Urea igalelwa nzulu kwaye inyibilikise umhlaba ukuze isichumiso sikumaleko womhlaba ofumileyo, oluncedo kwisiphumo sesichumiso. Ukunxiba ngaphezulu makwenziwe ecaleni kwesithole esinemingxunya okanye imisele, ubunzulu kufuneka bube malunga ne-10-15cm. Ngale ndlela, i-urea igxile kumaleko ashinyeneyo enkqubo yeengcambu, encedisa ukufunxwa nokusetyenziswa kwezityalo. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba inqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwe-urea linokunyuswa nge-10% ~ 30%.

Isithathu asikhulisi kwisichumiso

I-Urea kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, ihlala ivelisa isixa esincinci se-biuret, xa umxholo we-biuret ongaphezulu kwe-2% uya kuba yityhefu kwimbewu nakwizithole, ezifana ne-urea zibe ziimbewu nezithole, ziya kwenza ukubonakaliswa kweprotein, zichaphazele ukukhula kunye nokukhula kwezithole imbewu, ke ayifanelekanga ukutyala isichumisi. Ukuba kufuneka isetyenziswe njengesichumiso sembewu, thintela unxibelelwano phakathi kwembewu nesichumisi kwaye ulawule idosi.

Zine thintela ngokukhawuleza emva kokunkcenkceshela

I-Urea yeyesichumiso se-nitrogen, efuna ukuguqulwa sibe yi-ammonia nitrogen ukuze ifunxwe kwaye isetyenziswe yingcambu yezityalo. Ngenxa yomgangatho owahlukileyo womhlaba, amanzi kunye nobushushu, inkqubo yokuguqula ithatha ixesha elide okanye elifutshane. Ngokubanzi, inokugqitywa emva kweentsuku ezi-2 ~ 10. Ngokubanzi, unkcenkceshelo kufuneka lwenziwe kwiintsuku ezi-2 ~ 3 emva kokufaka ehlotyeni nasekwindla, kunye neentsuku ezi-7 ~ 8 emva kokufaka isicelo ebusika nasentwasahlobo.