Urea fetiraiza yezvirimwa iyo inowanzoda kuiswa. Basa rayo chairo ndere kusasiya chero zvinokuvadza muvhu, uye kushanda kwenguva refu hakuna mhedzisiro. Mune indasitiri, mvura ammonia uye kabhoni dhayokisa zvinoshandiswa sezvinhu zvakasvibirira kugadzira zvakananga urea pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakanyanya kumanikidza mamiriro. Kuwedzera pakushandiswa sefetireza yemakemikari, urea inogona zvakare kushandiswa muhuwandu hwakawanda kune mamwe makemikari zvigadzirwa, mishonga, chikafu, zvinogadziriswa dhayi, zvinonwisa mwando, uye viscose fiber vanowedzera, Resin yekupedzisa mumiririri, injini yedhiziri inopedza gasi kurapwa mvura uye zvimwe zvekugadzira zvigadzirwa.

Chenjedzo mukushandisa kwe urea:

1. Urea inokodzera fetiraiza yepasi uye kupfeka kwepamusoro, uye dzimwe nguva semushonga wembeu. Inokodzera zvirimwa zvese nevhu rese. Inogona kushandiswa seyakagadzika fetiraiza uye yepamusoro kupfeka. Inogona kushandiswa mune yakaoma paddy minda. Mune ivhu rine alkaline kana alkaline, urea inogadziriswa hydrolyzed kuti iite ammonium nitrogen, uye kushandiswa kwepamusoro kunokonzeresa ammonia volatilization, saka ivhu rakadzika rekuvhara rinofanira kuiswa.

2. Mushure mekunge urea yasaswa pamusoro penzvimbo yepaddy, iyo ammonia volatilization mushure mehydrolysis ndeye 10% -30%. Muvhu realkaline, iyo nitrogen kurasikirwa neammonia volatilization iri 12% -60%. Pasi pekupisa kwakanyanya uye humidity yakakwira, iyo ammonia volatilization ye urea inogona kupisa zvirimwa uye nekukurumidza iyo nitrification chiyero. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha zvikuru kuisa urea zvakadzama uye kushandisa mvura kutakura fetereza.

3. Nekuti urea inogona kuunganidza huwandu hwakawanda hweamonium ions muvhu, ichawedzera iyo pH nezvikamu zviviri kusvika zviviri. Uye zvakare, urea pachayo ine imwe huwandu hweiyo biuret. Kana kusangana kwayo kuri 500ppm, zvinokanganisa zvirimwa. Midzi uye zvinomera zvine inhibitory mhedzisiro, saka urea haisi nyore kuti ishandiswe sembeu fetiraiza, seedling fetiraiza uye foliar fetiraiza. Izvo zvirimo urea mune dzimwe nguva dzekushandisa hazvifanirwe kunge zvakawandisa kana kunyanyisa kukosheswa. Mushure mekumera kwezvirimwa mbesa zvakuvadzwa ne biuret, iyo chlorophyll synthesis zvipingamupinyi zvinoumbwa, uye mashizha anozoita chlorosis, yero uye kunyange machena machena kana mitsetse.

4. Urea haigone kusanganiswa nefetiraiza yealkine. Mushure mekunge urea yaiswa, inofanirwa kushandurwa kuita ammonium nitrogen isati yashandiswa nezvirimwa. Pasi pemamiriro ealkaline, yakawanda yenitrogen muammonium nitrogen inozove ammonia uye volatilize. Naizvozvo, urea haigone kusanganiswa nemuti wedota, calcium magnesium phosphate fetiraiza, kabhoni yakavhenganiswa kana kushandiswa panguva imwe chete kwealkaline manyowa senge ammonium.

Ndeipi mhedzisiro ye urea pakukura kwemiti uye maitiro ekuishandisa?

1. Basa reurea kugadzirisa huwandu hwemaruva. Mavhiki mashanu ne6 mushure mekutumbuka, pfapfaidza 0,5% urea mhinduro yemvura pamashizha pamusoro kwenguva mbiri, iyo inogona kuwedzera nitrogen yemashizha, mhanyisa kukura kwemashizha matsva, inhibit the kusiyanisa kwemaruva mabukira, uye gadzira iyo yegore ruva yakawanda rakakodzera.

2. Sarudza zvirimwa zvikuru. Pakushandisa, zvirimwa zvine nzvimbo yakakura yekudyara uye nepamusoro hwehupfumi (senge gorosi nechibage) zvinofanirwa kutanga zvatariswa. Kune zvirimwa zvechipiri zvakadai sebhakkwheat, unogona kushandisa zvishoma kushandira zvinoenderana neyako hupfumi mamiriro. Kana kunyangwe usashandise, uye upe mutambo uzere kune zvinoita fetereza mukuwedzera kugadzirwa. Shandisa seyakagadzika fetiraiza kana yepamusoro kupfeka. Urea inokodzera kushandiswa se fetiraiza yepasi uye kupfeka kwepamusoro. Kazhinji, haishandiswe semushonga wembeu.

3. Nyorera pachine nguva. Mushure mekunge urea yaiswa muvhu, inotanga kuisirwa hydrolyzed kupinda ammonium bicarbonate nekuita kweivhu tusingaoneki isati yanyudzwa nemidzi yezvirimwa. Naizvozvo, inofanirwa kuiswa pamberi. Nyorera urea mushure memvura zvakanyanya sezvinobvira kuti uve nehunyoro hwakanaka hwekunyorova kuita. Paunenge uchizora topdressing muvhu rakaoma, edza kuzvirongedza mushure mekunaya kuitira kuti fetiraiza ikurumidze kunyungudika uye kunyudzwa nevhu.

4. Kana urea ikachengetwa zvisina kukodzera, inozotora mwando nyore nyore uye nekumisidzana, zvinozokanganisa hunhu hwepakutanga hweurea uye kuunza kumwe kurasikirwa kwehupfumi kuvarimi. Izvi zvinoda kuti varimi vachengete urea nemazvo. Ive neshuwa yekuchengeta urea kurongedza bhegi usati washandisa, bata pamwe nekuchengetedza panguva yekufambisa, dzivisa kunaya, uye uichengete munzvimbo yakaoma, ine mweya ine tembiricha iri pazasi pemadhigirii makumi maviri.

5. Kana iri yakawanda yekuchengetera, shandisa matanda mativi kukora pasi pazasi kwemasentimita makumi maviri, uye siya nzvimbo inopfuura masendimita makumi mashanu pakati pechikamu chepamusoro nedenga kuitira kufefetedza nekunyorova, uye siya mabara pakati pe matura. Kugonesa kuongorora uye kufefetedza. Kana iyo urea yakavhurwa muhombodo isina kushandiswa kumusoro, bhegi kuvhura rinofanira kuvharwa munguva yekufambisa kushandiswa gore rinouya.