Urea ndi feteleza wa mbewu yemwe nthawi zambiri amafunika kuthiridwa. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikuti asasiye chilichonse choyipa m'nthaka, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali kulibe zovuta. M'makampani, ammonia wamadzimadzi ndi kaboni dayokisagisi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zopangira kuti apange urea molingana ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga. Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wopanga mankhwala, urea itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mochuluka pazinthu zina zamankhwala, mankhwala, chakudya, zosungunulira utoto, zoyamwa chinyezi, ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera viscose, utomoni womaliza wa utomoni, injini ya dizilo utsi wamafuta amafuta zida zina zopangira.

Kusamala pakugwiritsa ntchito urea:

1. Urea ndioyenera feteleza wapansi komanso mavalidwe apamwamba, ndipo nthawi zina ngati feteleza wa mbewu. Ndioyenera mbewu zonse ndi dothi lonse. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza woyambira komanso mavalidwe apamwamba. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda youma paddy. Mu dothi la zamchere kapena zamchere, urea imathiridwa mafuta kuti ipange ammonium nayitrogeni, ndipo kuyika pamwamba kumayambitsa ammonia volatilization, nthaka yophimba kwambiri iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

2. Urea utapopera pamwamba pa munda wa paddy, ammonia volatilization pambuyo pa hydrolysis ndi 10% -30%. M'nthaka yamchere, kutayika kwa nayitrogeni ndi ammonia volatilization ndi 12% -60%. Pansi pa kutentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri, ammonia volatilization ya urea imatha kuwotcha mbewu ndikufulumizitsa kuchuluka kwa nitrification. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito urea mozama ndikugwiritsa ntchito madzi kunyamula feteleza.

3. Chifukwa urea imatha kudziunjikira kuchuluka kwa ayoni wa ammonium m'nthaka, idzawonjezera pH ndi mayunitsi 2-3. Kuphatikiza apo, urea palokha imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa biuret. Makulidwe ake akakhala 500ppm, zimakhudza mbewuzo. Mizu ndi ziphuphu zimakhala ndi zotsatira zolepheretsa, kotero urea sivuta kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wa mbewu, fetereza mmera ndi feteleza wa masamba. Zomwe zili mu urea munthawi zina siziyenera kukhala zochulukirapo kapena zolimbikira. Mbande zikawonongeka mmera ndi biuret, zotchingira kaphatikizidwe ka chlorophyll zimapangidwa, ndipo masamba amawoneka ngati chlorosis, achikasu komanso mikwingwirima yoyera.

4. Urea siyingasakanikirane ndi feteleza wamchere. Urea itagwiritsidwa ntchito, imayenera kusandulika nitrojeni ya ammonium isanagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mbewu. Pansi pa zinthu zamchere, ambiri a nayitrogeni mu ammonium nayitrogeni adzakhala ammonia ndikusintha. Chifukwa chake, urea siyingathe kuphatikizidwa ndi phulusa lazomera, calcium magnesium phosphate feteleza, kaboni Wosakaniza kapena kugwiritsa ntchito munthawi yomweyo feteleza wamchere monga ammonium.

Kodi urea imakhudza bwanji kukula kwa mbewu ndi momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito?

1. Udindo wa urea ndikusintha maluwa. Masabata 5-6 mutatha maluwa, perekani madzi 0,5% urea madzi patsamba 2, omwe angapangitse nitrojeni masamba, kuthamangitsa kukula kwa mphukira zatsopano, kulepheretsa kusiyanitsa kwa maluwa, ndikupanga The pachaka kuchuluka kwa maluwa ndikoyenera.

2. Ikani mbeu zazikulu patsogolo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, mbewu zomwe zili ndi malo okulirapo komanso zopindulitsa kwambiri zachuma (monga tirigu ndi chimanga) ziyenera kuganiziridwa kaye. Kwa mbewu zachiwiri monga buckwheat, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zochepa poyerekeza ndi momwe mulili pachuma. Kapenanso osazigwiritsa ntchito, ndipo perekani mokwanira kuti feteleza azikulitsa. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati feteleza woyambira kapena mavalidwe apamwamba. Urea ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza woyambira komanso mavalidwe apamwamba. Nthawi zambiri, sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wa mbewu.

3. Ikani pasadakhale. Urea akagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'nthaka, imayambitsidwa ndi hydrolyzed mu ammonium bicarbonate pogwiritsa ntchito tizilombo tanthaka isanalowerere ndi mizu ya mbewu. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pasadakhale. Ikani urea pambuyo pa mvula momwe mungathere kuti mukhale ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino a chinyezi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito topdressing panthaka youma, yesetsani kukonza pakadutsa mvula kuti fetereza isungunuke mwachangu ndikutengera nthaka.

4. Ngati urea isungidwa molakwika, imatha kuyamwa chinyezi ndi kuphatikiza, zomwe zingakhudze mtundu woyambirira wa urea ndikubweretsa mavuto ena azachuma kwa alimi. Izi zimafuna kuti alimi azisunga urea molondola. Onetsetsani kuti chikwama cha urea chikhale choyenera musanagwiritse ntchito, chigwireni mosamala mukamayendetsa, pewani mvula, ndikuisunga pamalo ouma, opumira bwino ndi kutentha kotsika madigiri 20.

5. Ngati muli ndi chosungira chochuluka, gwiritsani ntchito bwalo lamatabwa kuti mulowetse pansi pafupifupi masentimita 20, ndipo siyani malo opitilira 50 cm pakati pa denga ndi denga kuti mpweya uzikhala wabwino komanso chinyezi, ndipo siyani timipata pakati stacks. Kuwongolera kuyendera ndi mpweya wabwino. Ngati urea yomwe yatsegulidwa mthumba sinagwiritsidwe ntchito, kutsegula kwa thumba kuyenera kusindikizidwa munthawi yake kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito chaka chamawa.